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Head and neck cancer

ESOPHAGEAL CANCER

The esophagus is an organ that connects the throat to the stomach. The esophagus is responsible for moving food from the back of your throat to your stomach to be digested. Esophageal cancer occurs in the esophagus. In most cases, esophageal cancer develops in the cells lining the interior of the esophagus. Esophageal cancer is more common in men than in women. In the world, esophageal cancer is the sixth most common cause of death from cancer.

UNDERSTANDING ESOPHAGEAL CANCER

Depending on which cells in the breast turn cancerous, it can be classified into different kinds. It is possible for breast cancer to begin in different parts of the breast. Breast tissue is divided into three parts: lobules, ducts, and connective tissue

SYMPTOMS OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCER
  • Swallowing difficulties
  • Vomiting
  • Weight loss
  • Chest pain
  • Having a cough or hoarse voice
  • Worsening indigestion
  • Bone pain
RISK FACTORS?
  • Smoking
  • Increase in age
  • Overweight or Obesity
  • Having bile reflux
  • Genetic mutations
  • Alcohol consumption
  • Hormonal treatment in past
VARIOUS TREATMENTS
  • Surgery
  • Hormonal therapy
  • Hormone treatment
  • Radiation therapy
  • Chemotherapy
  • Targeted therapy
  • Immunotherapy

HOW TO DIAGNOSE?

Barium swallow study In this study, you swallow the barium-containing liquid and undergo X-rays. X-rays show any changes in the tissue due to the barium coating inside your esophagus.

Endoscopy involves passing a flexible tube equipped with a camera (video endoscope) down your throat and into your esophagus. In order to detect cancer or areas of irritation in your esophagus, your doctor uses an endoscope.

A biopsy may be performed by inserting a special scope down your throat into your esophagus (endoscope). To detect cancer cells, tissue samples are sent to a laboratory.

Following a confirmed diagnosis of esophageal cancer, your doctor may recommend additional tests to determine whether your cancer has spread to other parts of your body. Tests may include: Bronchoscopy Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) Computerized tomography (CT) Positron emission tomography (PET)